When Is Data Considered Personal Data?

Data is considered personal if it can identify a specific individual or make them identifiable, either directly or indirectly, regardless of its source or format.

Data That Directly Identifies an Individual

• Full name and national ID or residency permit number.

• Student or employee identification number.

• Facial images and visual or audio recordings that identify the individual.

• Mobile phone number, personal email address, and home address.

• Signature, bank account numbers, and credit card details.

Data That May Indirectly Identify an Individual

• Date of birth, gender, nationality, and workplace.

• Academic or employment records and attendance information.

• Geographic location, device address, and system identifiers.

• A combination of attributes that, when linked together, could reveal an individual’s identity.

Sensitive Personal Data

• Racial or ethnic origin and religious, intellectual, or political beliefs.

• Security and criminal data.

• Health and genetic data.

• Biometric data used for identification.

• Data indicating that an individual has one or both parents unknown.

Important Notice

Removing a person’s name alone does not make the data anonymous, as other details may still allow the individual to be re-identified.